REC: Reduction of SO2 and Particulate Emissions: Implementation Strategies (6.3)

6. Implementation Strategies (continued)

6.3. Various stakeholder groups

The transition process has also seen the development of new environmental stakeholder groups that brings about responsibility for the environment among all sectors of the economy and society. For example, economic reform and the approximation of EU legislation has delegated greater responsibility to local authorities by broadening their rights and abilities, both in pollution control and for promoting investments and measures for pollution abatement. Private companies are also now expected to mobilize funds for investment in cleaner technologies and production, in order to remain competitive on the international market. The private sector is now not only a polluter but also a source of solutions, a key source of financing and a strategic partner.

Meanwhile, the government is now responsible for setting realistic environmental targets, and regulations; allowing time for compliance; enforcing regulations; and balancing external incentives (such as prices and taxes). And as harmonization with the EU encourages greater consideration for environmental issues in all sectors of the economy, so cooperation increases among governmental bodies. Box 18 gives one such example of improved cooperation.

BOX 18: Intersectoral Program to Improve Ambient Air Quality in Hungary

In December 1993, the Hungarian government adopted a proposal submitted by the Ministry of Environment and Regional Policy aimed at launching an intersectoral program to improve ambient air quality. The preparation of the 5 year program involved the participation of the Ministry of Environment and Regional Policy, the Ministry of Transport, Telecommunications and Water Management, the Ministry of Welfare, the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of the Interior, and the Ministry of Finance. The implementation of the program required the participation not only of the above listed ministries but also of regional and local environmental, health and other authorities, local governments and business. The objective in terms of SO₂ output is a reduction of 13-18 percent by 1998, compared with 1991 levels (from 902 kt/yr to 120-160 kt/yr). The program is supported by a detailed workplan which lists responsibilities, deadlines, and addresses financial aspects. The costs of the program are to be covered by the central funds (e.g., the Regional Development Fund, and the Central Environmental Protection Fund) as well as local communities, with both parties benefiting from further resources made available through international assistance schemes.
Source: Intersectoral Air Quality Control Action Program in Hungary - report to the Ministerial Conference, Environment for Europe, Sofia, Bulgaria Oct. 23-25, 1995

The general public now also enjoy broader responsibility, including the right to participate in the decisionmaking process and to determine the quality of the environment in which they live. The considerable effects of SO₂ and PM on health is one area that can add impetus to calls for a right to live in a healthy environment.

REC * PUBLICATIONS * REDUCTION OF SO₂ AND PARTICULATE EMISSIONS * IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES